Written by the PBS4 Clinical Team
Total Communication is a holistic approach to interaction which suggests that all methods of communication are valued equally (NHS, 2026). This means that no method is the “right” way and none are “wrong”. It recommends using any and all methods of communication, in combination or individually, to create a person-centred network of communication (Halcyon Way School, 2024). Total Communication also recommends adjusting the environment for the person being supported to foster the best chances of a positive interaction (Sense, 2022). There are four main types of communication that can be used in any combination. The person you support may use one type of communication primarily, or they may prefer to use several in combination to understand a message fully. The types of communication are:
Verbal Communication – Speech, Noises/Sounds, Voice notes, etc.
Non-Verbal Communication – Body language, touch, sign along, etc.
Written Communication – Letters, words, Now and Next, etc.
Visual Communication – PECS, photographs, logos, etc.
Total Communication has more benefits than just aiding communication. Using this approach can nurture an environment of safety and closeness, strengthening the bond between the person being supported and those supporting them. Introducing communication methods through Total Communication may enable the person being supported to access a wider range of life opportunities through new friendships, education, and activities. It can also increase the opportunities for individuals to communicate their choices, needs and requests, and be understood. With Total Communication, we may see reduced frustration and fewer incidents of challenging behaviour, as we may understand the message being communicated more efficiently.
Next time you are trying to communicate, whether with the person/people you support, your family, or a stranger, think about the communication methods you are using or combining to get your message across. Are you pointing? Are you speaking? Are you using pictures? Consider how you could use these to improve communication with the people we support.
References:
Halcyon Way School. (2024, August 23). Total communication – Halcyon Way School. Halcyon Way School. https://www.halcyonway.co.uk/total-communication
NHS. (2026, September 14). Total communication approach. Www.Hpft.Nhs.Uk. https://www.hpft.nhs.uk/services/learning-disability-services/useful-resources/total-communication-approach/
Sense. (2022, February 21). Total communication – sense. Sense. https://www.sense.org.uk/information-and-advice/ways-of-communicating/total-communication/
